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Also known as Age of Reason, was a European intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries that celebrated human reason as the chief tool for understanding the world, seeking knowledge, freedom, and happiness. It challenged entrenched authority especially monarchies and the church and championed ideals like liberty, tolerance, secular government, and constitutional rule, sparking revolutions such as in America and France. Enlightenment ideas reshaped science and politics.
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It was a North American conflict which was also a part of the Seven Year's War which was against Great Britain and France in 1754. The war ended in 1763 with the Treaty Of Paris.
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It was formed to protest and resist the British policies, mostly unfair taxation. They started it in response of the Stamp act, the main goal was to disobey and break the rules that were placed. The 3 main sons are Paul Revere, John Adams, and Samuel Adams. -
It was a British law that placed a direct tax on the American colonies. It mad them pay a tax on all printed materials like legal documents and newspaper. Colonists protested by arguing they shouldn't be taxed by a Parliament because they had no representation. -
American colonists disguised as Mohawk Indians boarded three British ships in Boston Harbor and dumped 342 chests of East India Company tea into the water in protest of “taxation without representation” and perceived monopoly abuses. This dramatic defiance prompted Parliament to enact the Intolerable Acts in 1774, closing Boston’s port and stripping local self government. Far from quelling dissent, the harsh British response united the colonies and propelled them closer to revolution. -
A war that was fought in Charlestown Massachusetts. It only lasted approximately 2 hours. It also involved multiple British assaults on American fortifications -
In July 1775, the Second Continental Congress sent the Olive Branch Petition to King George III as a final plea for peace, affirming loyalty while seeking redress of grievances and hoping to avoid full-scale war. The king refused to receive or read it and instead issued the Proclamation of Rebellion, officially declaring the colonies in open revolt. His rejection extinguished hopes of reconciliation and pushed many colonists toward independence. -
Published on January10,1776, Common Sense became an immediate bestseller and sold over 120,000 copies within its first three months, quickly influencing colonial public opinion toward independence by presenting arguments in plain, persuasive language. In it, Paine forcefully condemned monarchy as absurd and urged colonists to embrace self-government as both practical and just. The pamphlet’s clarity and urgency helped pave the way for the Declaration of Independence. -
After crossing the icy Delaware River on the night of December 25–26, 1776, George Washington led around 2,400 Continental troops in a surprise dawn attack on the Hessian garrison in Trenton, catching them completely off guard. The Americans routed the Hessians in a short but fierce fight, killing or wounding a few and capturing roughly 900 prisoners while suffering only minimal casualties themselves. The war also lasted "10 Crucial Days" and also had a 2nd war. -
The Battle of Camden took place in Camden South Carolina, and it only lasted about an hour. British forces under Lieutenant General Cornwallis decisively routed a larger American army led by General Horatio Gates, routing inexperienced militia and crippling Continental resistance. American losses numbered around 900 killed or wounded and 1,000 captured, while British casualties were comparatively light. -
The Battle of Yorktown started September 28 to October 19, 1781, was a major conflict of the American Revolution. A combined force of American and French troops, led by General George Washington and the French General Rochambeau, laid siege to the British forces under General Cornwallis in Yorktown, Virginia. With a French naval blockade preventing British reinforcements, Cornwallis was forced to surrender, effectively ending the war and leading to the Treaty of Paris
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The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783 and ended the American Revolutionary War and recognized the United States as an independent nation. It made generous boundaries extending west to the Mississippi River and secured important fishing and navigation rights. The agreement included stuff like clauses for fair treatment of Loyalists and debt repayment. -
Agreed to the 1787 Constitutional Convention, dictated that three fifths of the enslaved population would be counted when determining a state's representation in the House of Representatives and for taxation purposes, inflating the political power of slaveholding Southern states while denying enslaved people rights. This arrangement gave Southern states a disproportionate influence in Congress and the Electoral College. It remained in effect until it was replaced by the 14th amendment in 1868 -
The Great Compromise also known as The Connecticut Compromise of 1787 resolved the deadlock at the Constitutional Convention by creating a bicameral Congress with representation based on population in the House and equal state representation in the Senate. It balanced the demands of large and small states and allowed the convention to move forward. This solution became a cornerstone of the U.S. legislative structure.