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Impressing is the forcing of foreign sailors into a country's own army. Britain, during this time, was impressing American sailors, causing conflict between the people and demand to do something about it. Actions to go against it was another Proclamation of Neutrality, the Embargo Act, and the Non-Intercourse Act.
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The Proclamation of Neutrality declared the United States to be neutral in Britain and France's conflict. It was done due to American ships being taken down due to both Britain and France thinking America is allied with the other. This would help to spark the long American assumption of isolationism after the War of 1812.
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Also known as the Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation of 1794, Jay's Treaty allowed for open trade with Britain and somewhat repaired American and Britain relations for a short period, although Britain still proved to be an issue.
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Washington's Farewell Address was a letter sent to all of America in regards to his retirement from the position as President of the United States. The Address involved warnings to the people of issues that may arise and separate the nation as a whole, such as political parties and ties with other countries.
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The Chesapeake-Leopard Affair was a ship raid on the USS Chesapeake conducted by the British warship HMS Leopard, where the Leopard first fired at and then boarded onto the Chesapeake in search of British deserters. Three Americans were killed, and 18 others were wounded. This heavily increased the demand for war in the United States, but Thomas Jefferson ended up passing the Embargo Act instead of declaring war.
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The Embargo Act cut off trading ties with all countries in an effort to cease the impressing of American ships. The attempt at protecting Americans only led to an economic crisis and downward slope of the economy itself. As for the intended effect to make Britain and France change their policies to win back a seemingly valuable trading partner, it did not work. The act was repealed in 1809 and replaced by the Non-Intercourse Act.
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The War Hawks were groups of people that strongly advocated for war between the United States, Great Britain, and France. Even during the War they had proven to be able to instigate even more conflict and effort for the war.
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Tecumseh, before the War of 1812, united the tribes into one confederacy. He established Prophet's Town and got support for his cause against U.S. expansion. He pursued an alliance between Great Britain due to a common enemy. He and his brother also commenced the Battle of Tippecanoe, which had severely harmed the Native Confederacy.
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The Declaration of War against Britain was signed by James Madison. The war was proposed to be against Britain and France by Madison, but Congress directed it only toward Britain for convenience. The reasons for it was the impressing of U.S. sailors, the British aid of Natives against the U.S., and interference with trade.
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Tecumseh and the confederacy allied with the British during the war to stop the westward expansion of the United States. His involvement proved to be burdensome to the United States upon the overtaking of Detroit, but he was later killed in action in 1813 during the battle of Thames, resulting in the collapse of the confederacy. His defeat soon allowed the tribes to be run off their lands.
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The Hartford Convention was a secret meeting between Federalist delegates that went against James Madison's policies and the current power of the Federal government. Secession was a topic of discussion, but was brushed aside and replaced with talks of new constitutional amendments, constructing a list of demands to be presented to Madison with the threat of secession. The meeting and its demands was for naught as the War of 1812 had ended.
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The Treaty of Ghent officially ended the War of 1812 between Great Britain and the United States, although it wouldn't physically end until February of 1815, when the United States would ratify it. The contents consisted of establishing a border between Canada and the United States, as well as talks of ending the slave trade.
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The Battle of New Orleans was an American victory led by General Andrew Jackson. The battle was significant due to it being fought after the treaty, and it being a decisive American victory, with a couple thousand British fatalities compared to around a hundred American fatalities. It was a key highlight in Andrew Jackson's rise to presidency.