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The peace settlemnt ending WW1, signed by Germany and the allied powers of June 28, 1919 in the hall of Mirrors at the palace of Versailles -
Japan invaded Manchuria primarily to secure vital natural resources like coal and iron for its industrial economy, to expand its imperial power and create a buffer against the Soviet Union, and to find a solution to its growing population and economic hardship caused by the Great Depression. -
The Nuremberg trials were held by the Allies against representatives of the defeated Nazi Germany for plotting and carrying out invasions of other countries. -
Italy invaded Ethiopia in October 1935, a conflict known as the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, driven by Benito Mussolini's imperial ambitions for a new Roman Empire, the desire for colonial resources to combat the Great Depression, and the need for revenge after a previous military defeat in 1896 -
The remilitarisation of the Rhineland began on 7 March 1936, when military forces of Nazi Germany entered the Rhineland. -
Anschluss is a German word for "connection" or "annexation" and refers specifically to the political union of Austria with Germany in 1938. -
Buchenwald was a German Nazi concentration camp established on Ettersberg hill near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937. -
The Munich Conference concluded that the Sudetenland territory would be ceded to Germany -
The Nazi-Soviet Pact, or Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, provided a temporary nonaggression agreement between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, allowing Germany to invade Poland on September 1, 1939, without fear of Soviet intervention. -
a military tactic characterized by concentrated, rapid, and deep attacks by armored Panzer units, supported by mobile infantry and tactical air power, to quickly defeat an enemy by dislocating and disrupting their lines of communication and command rather than through prolonged attrition. -
a store where businesses and other customers can pay cash for goods at low prices and take them away instead of having them delivered. -
The British officially recognise the battle's duration as being from 10 July until 31 October 1940, which overlaps the period of large-scale night attacks -
In the course of the Second World War, the Nazis murdered nearly six million European Jews. This genocide is called the Holocaust. Here, you can read about its causes and backgrounds, the stages of the Holocaust, and the perpetrators. -
The Lend-Lease Act of 1941 was a United States program that allowed the President to provide military and economic aid, such as weapons, food, and supplies, to Allied nations vital to American defense during World War II. -
The Battle of the Coral Sea in May 1942 was the first naval battle in history fought entirely by aircraft carriers, resulting in a strategic Allied victory by halting the Japanese invasion of Port Moresby, despite both sides suffering heavy losses, including the U.S. carrier USS Lexington -
The Atlantic Charter was a joint declaration made in 1941 by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, outlining shared goals for the world after World War II -
Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, to cripple the U.S. Pacific Fleet, allowing Japan to expand its empire in Southeast Asia and secure vital natural resources like oil from colonies in the region.
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The Battle of Midway in June 1942 was a decisive U.S. naval victory that turned the tide of the war in the Pacific by destroying four Japanese aircraft carriers and crippling their offensive capabilities, while the U.S. lost only one carrier, the Yorktown -
"Little Boy" was the first nuclear weapon used in warfare, detonated over Hiroshima, Japan, on Aug. 6, 1945, and was a gun-type weapon. -
The Battle of the Atlantic was a World War II campaign where German U-boats tried to sink Allied merchant ships to starve Britain, but the Allies countered with convoys, radar, and code-breaking to secure their supply lines and project power across the ocean. -
Operation Overlord was the codename for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful liberation of German-occupied Western Europe . -
The Battle of the Bulge, also known as the Ardennes Offensive or Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein, was the last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front. -
The War Refugee Board was a U.S. government agency created in January 1944 by President Roosevelt to rescue Jews and other victims of Nazi persecution during World War II -
The "Fat Man" was a plutonium-based atomic bomb dropped by the United States on the Japanese city of Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, during World War II. -
The United Nations is the only place on Earth where all the world's nations come together to discuss common problems and find shared solutions. -
V-J Day was the day Japan surrendered from the U.S. -
The 82-day battle on Okinawa lasted from 1 April 1945 until 22 June 1945. After a long campaign of island hopping, the Allies were planning to use Kadena Air. -
The Marshall Plan was a U.S. initiative to provide economic aid to help Western European countries rebuild after World War II -
NATO is a political and military alliance of countries from Europe and North America. Its members are committed to protecting each other from any threat. -
The Truman Doctrine was a U.S. foreign policy established in 1947 by President Harry S. Truman that committed the United States to support "free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures". -
It sets out, for the first time, fundamental human rights to be universally protected and it has been translated into over 500 languages.