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Emperor Constantine issued this proclamation that permanently established religious toleration for Christianity in the Roman Empire
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This group came together to define Christian doctrine, specifically as it describes the nature of Christ and other fundamental differences of opinion in faith
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Rome is sacked by the Visigoths under young leader Alaric.
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Saint Augustine writes a famous book called The City of God. It discusses matters both religious and secular
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Europe is invade by Attila the Hun. His forces did significant damage to northern Italy, but was unable to take Rome
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Barbarian Odovacer deposes the Western emperor and becomes the ruler of the Roman people
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Theodric founds the Ostrogoth kingdom in Italy
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Saint Benedict founds the first monastery at Monte Cassino
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Emperor Justinian codifies Roman law
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The city was renamed al-Medina which means "The City of the Prophet". This date marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar
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This was a crucial turning point for Islam and its followers. Abu Bakr becomes the first caliph after Mohammad's death and rules from 632 to 634
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His rule was most known for the conquests in Egypt and Iran
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His rule included further conquests to extend the power and influence of Islam. Also, the Quran was established and they experienced a growth in dominance of the seas.
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When the Caliphate of Ali was contested, it resulted in a civil war between the ruling faction and those who wished to rule instead.
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He came to power after the First Civil war and founded the Umayyad dynasty. The capital city is moved to Damascus ahead of more expansion of Islam
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Again, right to rule and the line of succession was a major contributor
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He reorganized and strengthened governmental administration and made Arabic the language of administration
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The sixth Caliph, he is best known for the mosques constructed during his reign
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Charles Martel defeats the Arabs at Tours.
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Paper manufacture is introduced from China via Samarquand to the Islamic world
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The Fraudulent Donation was created to counter the Frankish domination of the Church
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Popes Stephen II and Pepin II unite. Joining the Papal states with the Franks.
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He rules as King of the Franks
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His reign is known for his patronage of translations of Greek, Sanskrit and other works into Arabic. This period is also known for the use of slave soldiers called mamluks
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He succeeds Charlemagne as the now Emperor of the Frankish empire
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This treaty divided up the Carolingian empire among the 3 living sons of Louis the Pious
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This further divides the Carolingian empire
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The Vikings, Magyurs, and the Muslims invade Europe
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The Abbasid caliphs have become figureheads while the Buyid rulers rule over the eastern empire at Baghdad
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Buyid rulers are replaced by Seljuk sultans as the rulers at Baghdad and custodians of the caliphate
